An engine coolant temperature sensor is essential for the optimal performance of your car. The engine coolant temperature sensor’s job is to measure the coolant temperature for the engine control module.
With this information, the engine control module adjusts the air-fuel mixture depending on the temperature.
Like every other component, the ECT sensor can also get damaged, resulting in several engine-related problems. Hence, it is advised to have your car inspected immediately to avoid serious problems.
Symptoms Of A Bad Coolant Temperature Sensor
The most common symptoms of a bad coolant temperature sensor include poor mileage, cooling fans not coming on, engine performance issues, an overheating engine, and a check engine light on your dashboard.
Here is a more detailed list of the signs of a bad or failing coolant temperature sensor to look for:
1. Check Engine Light
One of the first signs of all coolant temperature sensor symptoms you will probably notice is that the check engine light will show up on your dashboard.
If the computer detects any problem with the sensor’s circuit, it will illuminate the check engine light, indicating that the car needs an inspection.
If you see a check engine light on your dashboard, it is time to check the trouble codes with an OBD2 scanner.
2. Poor Mileage
A faulty ECT sensor can send a false signal to the onboard computer, resulting in an incorrect air-fuel mixture. For example, a faulty sensor can send a signal indicating the engine is cold when it is not, and more fuel will heat the engine quickly.
This will cause the fuel economy to drop and decrease the engine’s performance.
3. Electrical Cooling Fans not coming on
Some cars use the engine coolant temperature sensor to control the electric cooling fans. In most cars, you have two separate temperature sensors for the fans, a dashboard gauge, and engine management.
However, if your car has a single sensor, a bad engine coolant temperature sensor may result in your fans not starting.
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4. Black Smoke from the Exhaust Pipe
Due to an incorrect engine temperature signal, the ECU may enrich the fuel mixture to a point where the combustion process becomes difficult.
The excessive fuel will burn in the exhaust pipe and will produce thick black smoke.
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5. Hard Start Condition
The amount of fuel getting injected into the engine is critical at the moment you start your car. If the air-fuel mixture is faulty, you might find your car difficult or impossible to start.
6. Engine Overheats
The cooling fan, which is behind the radiator grille, removes heat from the engine’s coolant. This fan is electrically controlled and relies on the signal from the onboard computer.
If the fan receives a false signal, the fan might not turn on, causing the engine to overheat. Some vehicles have a separate coolant temperature sensor for the fan, but many cars use the same sensor.
7. Poor Idling
Due to a faulty ECT sensor, the fuel mixture will adjust. This will cause the engine to vibrate or shake when the car is at low speed and lead to other power losses and strange behaviors.
The engine is very sensitive to wrong air-fuel mixtures at idle, and this is a condition when you might notice that something is wrong with your engine coolant temperature sensor.
8. Poor Engine performance
The engine coolant temperature sensor can have a hard impact on the air-fuel mixture. A bad air-fuel mixture can also cause the engine performance to drop drastically.
If you feel that the engine performance is not what it has been before, it may be due to a faulty engine coolant temperature sensor.
What is an Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor?
Coolant temperature sensors are also known as engine coolant temperature sensors or ECT sensors. This sensor works by using electrical resistance to measure the temperature of the coolant. These measurements produce essential data for the engine system of your vehicle.
The readings produced from the coolant temperature sensor are transmitted to the engine control unit, where they are utilized as data for regulating and maintaining the proper ignition time and the optimal fuel injection through the computerized approach.
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Coolant Temperature Sensor Location
The engine coolant temperature sensor is usually located on the engine block or cylinder head. It is often installed on a plastic hose on the coolant’s inlet.
Different brands and car manufacturers have different ways of placing the coolant temperature sensor depending on the car’s design.
Some vehicles may have more than one temperature sensor, as sometimes, different sensors are used to signal to the dashboard, cooling fan control, and the control unit of your engine system.
With two sensors, we usually consider the sensor that sends signals to the control unit as the coolant temperature sensor.
Coolant Temperature Sensor Replacement Cost
The average coolant temperature sensor replacement cost is between $50 and $250, depending on the car model and labor costs. A coolant temperature sensor costs $30 to $100, and the labor costs $20 to $150.
The coolant temperature sensor itself is often quite cheap, and you can often find them for around $40 for a quality one. There are cheaper ones on the market, but I heavily recommend buying a quality one like Bosch to skip the headaches.
The replacement is also often quite straightforward, except that you might have to pour out all the coolant from the engine and refill it. Unfortunately, removing the coolant also means that you have to remove all air from the coolant system, which can be difficult.
However, if you are fast with replacing the sensor, there is often no need to tap out the coolant, but this requires some skill.
Remember to always make sure the coolant temperature is low when doing this kind of work!!
How to Diagnose a Faulty Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor?
To diagnose the coolant temperature sensor, you need a repair manual for your car model to find what measurement values you should expect from the coolant temperature sensor.
- Connect an OBD2 Scanner and look for related trouble codes. Check the live data to see the temperature from the sensor. If it is way off the range, check the wirings, and replace the sensor.
- Locate the coolant temperature sensor in your vehicle by referring to the service manual.
- Find the coolant temperature sensor and remove the connector plugs.
- If you have two pins on the coolant temperature sensor, you can try measuring the ohm value between these two pins.
- Check your repair manual for the correct ohm value at a given temperature.
- If the value is wrong, replace the sensor.
- If it seems fine, check the wirings and connectors between the coolant temperature sensor and the engine control module.
How long does it take to replace a coolant temperature sensor?
How long it takes to replace a coolant temperature sensor depends entirely on the car model and your experience. However, most coolant temperature sensors take about 30 to 60 minutes to replace.
Will the engine coolant temperature sensor keep a car from starting?
Yes, a bad coolant temp sensor can prevent the engine from starting. For example, if it’s very cold outside, but the sensor tells the ECM that it’s warm, it won’t inject enough fuel to start the engine.
Do you have to drain the coolant to replace the temperature sensor?
Yes, in most car models you need to drain the coolant to replace the temp sensor. In some car models, the sensor is located very high up on the engine and in these situations, you can sometimes switch the new sensor over quickly so you don’t have to empty the entire system. Only work on your car engine when the coolant is cold.
Is there a fuse for the coolant temperature sensor?
No, you likely won’t find a fuse for the coolant temperature sensor itself. You can find a fuse for the engine control module though, which sends the signal to the coolant temperature sensor.
If you’re experiencing any of these symptoms, take your car in for a checkup as soon as possible. A bad coolant temperature sensor can cause your vehicle to overheat. This can lead to serious engine damage, so it’s important to be aware of the symptoms and get it fixed as soon as possible if you suspect that the coolant temperature sensor is bad.
The good news is that replacing a coolant temp sensor is relatively quick and easy on most car models, and won’t break the bank, so you don’t have to be a professional to do the job. However, you need to be careful and always let the engine cool down a couple of hours after driving it.
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